οὐρανός

G3772 G:N-M

heaven

οὐρανός , -οῦ, ὁ, [in LXX chiefly for שָׁמַיִם (hence, often pl., οἱ οὐ., see infr.) ;] heaven ; __1. of the vault or firmament of heaven, the sky and the aerial regions above the earth : opposite to ἡ γῆ, Heb.1:10 , 2Pe.3:5 , 10; ὁ οὐ. καὶ ἡ γῆ, i.e. the world, the universe, Mat.5:18 , Mrk.13:31 , Luk.10:21 , Act.4:24 , Rev.10:6 , al.; ἀπ᾽ ἄκρων οὐ. ἕως ἄ. αὐτῶν (on the absence of art. aft. prep., see Bl, §46, 5), Mat.24:31; ὑπὸ τὸν οὐ., Act.2:5 , Col.1:23 ; ὑψωθῆναι ἕως τοῦ οὐ., figuratively, Mat.11:23 , Luk.10:15 ; σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐ., Mat.16:1 , Mrk.8:11 , al.; αἱ νεφέλαι, Mat.24:30 , al.; τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐ., Mat.6:26 , Mrk.4:32 , al.; οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐ., Rev.6:13 , al.; pl. (οἱ) οὐ. (Bl., §32, 5), Mat.3:16 , Mrk.1:10 , Jhn.1:32 , 2Pe.3:7, 13 al. __2. Of the abode of God and other blessed beings : of angels, Mat.24:36 , Mrk.12:25 , Gal.1:8 , Rev.10:1 , al.; of Christ glorified, Mrk.16:[19], Luk.24:51 , Act.3:21 , Rom.10:6 , al.; of God, Mat.5:34 , Rom.1:18 , al.; ὁ Πατὴρ ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐ. (Dalman, Words , 184ff.), Mat.5:16 6:1 , al.; θησαυρὸς ἐν οὐ., Mat.6:20 , Mrk.10:21 , al. __3. By meton., __(a) of the inhabitants of heaven : Rev.18:20 (cf. ib. 12:12 , Job.15:15 , Isa.44:23 ); __(b) as an evasive reference to God, characteristic of later Judaism (Dalman, Words , 204ff.): Mat.21:25 , Mrk.11:30 , Luk.15:18 , Jhn.3:27 , al.; ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐ. (= τοῦ Θεοῦ); see: βασιλεία). βασιλεία , -ας, ἡ (βασιλεύω), [in LXX chiefly for מַמְלָכָה ,מַלְכוּת ;] __1. prop. abstract, sovereignty, royal power, dominion : Luk.1:33 22:29 , Jhn.18:36 , Act.1:6 , Heb.1:8 , 1Co.15:24 ; λαβεῖν β., Luk.19:12, 15 Rev.17:12 ; δοῦναι τὴν, ib. 17; ἔχειν β., ib. 18; ἔρχεσθαι ἐν τ. (εἰς τὴν) β., Mat.16:28 , Luk.23:42 ; β. τ. θεοῦ, Rev.12:10. __2. By meton., concrete (MM, Exp. , x), __(a) a kingdom , the territory or people over whom the king rules ( Est.5:3 , al.): Mat.4:8 12:25, 26 24:7 , Mrk.3:24 6:23 , Luk.4:5 , Heb.11:33 , al.; __(b) the royal majesty (cf. our phrase His Majesty ), the king himself (τ. σπέρμα τῆς β., 4Ki.11:1 ). __3. In LXX ( Wis.6:5 , Tob.13:1 , al.), Targ. and NT, of the Messianic rule and kingdom, ἡ β. τ. θεοῦ, τ. οὐρανῶν (Heb. מַלְכוּת שָׁמַיִם, Aram. מַלְכוּתָא דִשׁמַיָּא; see Dalman, Words , 91-147; Cremer, 132, 658), the kingdom of God (on the equivalence of the two phrases, see Dalman, op. cit. , 93, 218f.); τ. θεοῦ, Mat.6:33 12:28 , al.; τ. οὐρανῶν, Mat.3:2 4:17 , al.; τ. Χριστοῦ (מַלִכוּת דִמְשִׁיחא, Targ. Jon. on Isa.53:10 ), Eph.5:5 ; τ. κυρίου, 2Pe.1:11 , Rev.11:15 ; τ. Δαυείδ, Mrk.11:10; absol., ἡ β., Mat.4:23 , Jas.2:5 , al. The kingdom is regarded as present: Mat.11:12 , Luk.17:21 , Rom.14:17 , al.; as that which is to be consummated in the future, Mat.6:10 , Mrk.9:1 , Jhn.3:5 , 2Pe.1:11 , al. Noteworthy phrases are: ζητεῖν τὴν β., Mat.6:33; δέχεσθαι, Mrk.10:15; κλρονομεῖν, Mat.25:34; διδόναι, Lk 12:32 ; παραλαμβάνειν, Heb.12:28; αὐτῶν (τοιούτων) εστὶν ἡ β., Mat.5:3, 10 19:14 , Mrk.10:14 , Luk.18:16 ; διὰ τὴν β., Mat.19:12; ἕνεκεν τῆς β., Luk.18:29; εὐαγγελίζεσθαι, κηρύσσειν, διαγγέλλειν τὴν β., Luk.4:43 9:2, 60 ; ἤγγικεν ἡ β., Mat.3:2 , Mrk.1:15 ; κλεῖς τῆς β., Mat.16:10; κλείειν τὴν β., Mat.23:14; υἱοὶ τῆς β., Mat.8:12 13:38 (cf. Cremer, 132, 658). (AS)