Peter

What authority did Peter hold, and does anyone hold it now?

Church-dividing

Common ground. All traditions hold that Peter was foremost among the apostles, that he confessed Jesus as the Christ and was commissioned to feed the flock, and that he denied Jesus and was restored.

Catholic teaching holds that Peter received a primacy of jurisdiction continuing in the bishops of Rome. The Orthodox accord Rome a primacy of honour among equals but not jurisdiction over them. The Reformation churches read the rock as Peter's confession, or as Christ, and deny that any continuing office follows.

Roman Catholic

Peter received a primacy of jurisdiction over the whole church, which continues in the bishop of Rome. First Vatican Council, Pastor Aeternus, 1870

Eastern Orthodox

Peter is first among the apostles and Rome held a primacy of honour among the ancient sees, but never a jurisdiction over the other patriarchates. Council of Chalcedon, canon 28

Lutheran

The papacy is not held to be by divine right; Peter's confession, not his person, is the foundation. Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope, 1537

Anglican

The rock is Peter's confession. The Bishop of Rome has no jurisdiction in this realm. Articles of Religion XXXVII

Reformed / Presbyterian

Christ alone is head of the church; no continuing Petrine office is recognised. Westminster Confession XXV.6

Baptist

Each congregation is under Christ directly; no primacy of any see is recognised. Second London Confession XXVI

Traditions not listed have no position recorded here. That is a gap in what we have written down, not a statement that they are silent.